HTML multimédia
Multimédia na webu jsou zvuk, hudba, videa, filmy a animace.
Co je to multimédia?
Multimédia přicházejí v mnoha různých formátech. Může to být téměř cokoli, co slyšíte nebo vidíte, jako jsou obrázky, hudba, zvuk, videa, záznamy, filmy, animace a další.
Webové stránky často obsahují multimediální prvky různých typů a formátů.
Podpora prohlížeče
První webové prohlížeče měly podporu pouze pro text, omezenou na jedno písmo v jedné barvě.
Později přišly prohlížeče s podporou barev, písem, obrázků a multimédií!
Multimediální formáty
Multimediální prvky (jako audio nebo video) jsou uloženy v mediálních souborech.
Nejběžnějším způsobem, jak zjistit typ souboru, je podívat se na příponu souboru.
Multimediální soubory mají formáty a různé přípony jako: .wav, .mp3, .mp4, .mpg, .wmv a .avi.
Běžné video formáty
 |
Existuje mnoho formátů videa. Formáty MP4, WebM a Ogg jsou podporovány HTML. YouTube doporučuje formát MP4. |
| Format | File | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MPEG | .mpg .mpeg |
MPEG. Developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group. The first popular video format on the web. Not supported anymore in HTML. |
| AVI | .avi | AVI (Audio Video Interleave). Developed by Microsoft. Commonly used in video cameras and TV hardware. Plays well on Windows computers, but not in web browsers. |
| WMV | .wmv | WMV (Windows Media Video). Developed by Microsoft. Commonly used in video cameras and TV hardware. Plays well on Windows computers, but not in web browsers. |
| QuickTime | .mov | QuickTime. Developed by Apple. Commonly used in video cameras and TV hardware. Plays well on Apple computers, but not in web browsers. |
| RealVideo | .rm .ram |
RealVideo. Developed by Real Media to allow video streaming with low bandwidths. Does not play in web browsers. |
| Flash | .swf .flv |
Flash. Developed by Macromedia. Often requires an extra component (plug-in) to play in web browsers. |
| Ogg | .ogg | Theora Ogg. Developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation. Supported by HTML. |
| WebM | .webm | WebM. Developed by Mozilla, Opera, Adobe, and Google. Supported by HTML. |
| MPEG-4 or MP4 |
.mp4 | MP4. Developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group. Commonly used in video cameras and TV hardware. Supported by all browsers and recommended by YouTube. |
Poznámka: Standard HTML podporuje pouze video MP4, WebM a Ogg.
Běžné zvukové formáty
MP3 je nejlepší formát pro komprimovanou nahranou hudbu. Termín MP3 se stal synonymem pro digitální hudbu.
Pokud je váš web o hudbě, MP3 je volbou.
| Format | File | Description |
|---|---|---|
| MIDI | .mid .midi |
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface). Main format for all electronic music devices like synthesizers and PC sound cards. MIDI files do not contain sound, but digital notes that can be played by electronics. Plays well on all computers and music hardware, but not in web browsers. |
| RealAudio | .rm .ram |
RealAudio. Developed by Real Media to allow streaming of audio with low bandwidths. Does not play in web browsers. |
| WMA | .wma | WMA (Windows Media Audio). Developed by Microsoft. Plays well on Windows computers, but not in web browsers. |
| AAC | .aac | AAC (Advanced Audio Coding). Developed by Apple as the default format for iTunes. Plays well on Apple computers, but not in web browsers. |
| WAV | .wav | WAV. Developed by IBM and Microsoft. Plays well on Windows, Macintosh, and Linux operating systems. Supported by HTML. |
| Ogg | .ogg | Ogg. Developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation. Supported by HTML. |
| MP3 | .mp3 | MP3 files are actually the sound part of MPEG files. MP3 is the most popular format for music players. Combines good compression (small files) with high quality. Supported by all browsers. |
| MP4 | .mp4 | MP4 is a video format, but can also be used for audio. Supported by all browsers. |
Poznámka: Standard HTML podporuje pouze zvuk MP3, WAV a Ogg.